良好生態(tai)(tai)環境是(shi)實現中(zhong)華民(min)族(zu)永續發展的內在(zai)要求，是(shi)增進民(min)生福祉的優(you)先領域(yu)。為深(shen)入(ru)學習貫徹習近平(ping)新時(shi)代中(zhong)國(guo)特(te)色社(she)會(hui)主義思想和黨(dang)的十九大精神，決勝全(quan)面建(jian)成小康社(she)會(hui)，全(quan)面加強生態(tai)(tai)環境保(bao)護(hu)，打好污染(ran)防治(zhi)攻堅戰，提升生態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)，建(jian)設美麗(li)中(zhong)國(guo)，現提出如下意(yi)見。

一、深刻認識生態環境保護面臨的形勢

黨的(de)十八大以來，以習近平(ping)同志為(wei)核心的(de)黨中央(yang)(yang)把生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)作(zuo)為(wei)統籌推(tui)(tui)進“五(wu)位一體(ti)”總(zong)體(ti)布(bu)局(ju)(ju)和(he)協(xie)調(diao)推(tui)(tui)進“四個全(quan)(quan)面”戰略布(bu)局(ju)(ju)的(de)重要內容，謀劃開展了一系(xi)列根本性(xing)、長遠性(xing)、開創(chuang)性(xing)工(gong)作(zuo)，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)保(bao)護從實踐到(dao)認(ren)識發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了歷史性(xing)、轉折性(xing)、全(quan)(quan)局(ju)(ju)性(xing)變化(hua)。各(ge)地區各(ge)部門認(ren)真貫徹落實黨中央(yang)(yang)、國務(wu)院(yuan)決策(ce)部署，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)保(bao)護制度體(ti)系(xi)加快(kuai)形成(cheng)，全(quan)(quan)面節約資源有(you)效(xiao)推(tui)(tui)進，大氣(qi)、水、土(tu)壤污染防治(zhi)行(xing)動(dong)計劃深入實施，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統保(bao)護和(he)修復重大工(gong)程進展順利(li)，核與輻射安全(quan)(quan)得到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)保(bao)障，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)成(cheng)效(xiao)顯著，美麗中國建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)邁出重要步伐(fa)，我國成(cheng)為(wei)全(quan)(quan)球生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)的(de)重要參與者、貢獻(xian)者、引領者。

同(tong)時，我國生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設和生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)護面臨不少困難和挑戰，存在許多不足。一些地方和部門對生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)護認識(shi)不到(dao)位，責任落(luo)實不到(dao)位；經(jing)濟社(she)會發(fa)展同(tong)生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾仍然突出，資源環(huan)境承載(zai)能力已(yi)經(jing)達到(dao)或接近上限；城鄉區域統籌(chou)不夠，新老環(huan)境問(wen)題交織，區域性、布局性、結構性環(huan)境風險凸顯(xian)，重(zhong)污(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣、黑臭水體、垃圾(ji)圍城、生態(tai)(tai)破壞等問(wen)題時有發(fa)生。這些問(wen)題，成(cheng)為重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)生之患、民(min)心之痛，成(cheng)為經(jing)濟社(she)會可持續發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)瓶頸制(zhi)約，成(cheng)為全面建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)小康社(she)會的(de)(de)(de)(de)明顯(xian)短板(ban)。

進入(ru)新時代，解決人(ren)民(min)日益增長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)美好生(sheng)活需要(yao)和不平(ping)衡(heng)不充(chong)分的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展之間的(de)(de)(de)矛盾對生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護提出(chu)許多(duo)新要(yao)求。當(dang)前(qian)，生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明(ming)建設正處于壓力疊加(jia)、負(fu)重前(qian)行的(de)(de)(de)關鍵期，已進入(ru)提供更多(duo)優質生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)產(chan)(chan)品以(yi)滿(man)足人(ren)民(min)日益增長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)優美生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)需要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)攻堅期，也到了有條件有能力解決突出(chu)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)窗口(kou)期。必須加(jia)大(da)力度、加(jia)快治(zhi)理、加(jia)緊攻堅，打好標(biao)志性的(de)(de)(de)重大(da)戰役，為人(ren)民(min)創造良好生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)活環境(jing)。

二、深入貫徹習近平生態文明思想

習(xi)近平(ping)總(zong)書記傳承中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族傳統(tong)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)、順應時代(dai)潮(chao)流和人民(min)意愿，站在(zai)堅持和發(fa)展中(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主義、實現中(zhong)華(hua)民(min)族偉大(da)復(fu)興中(zhong)國(guo)夢的戰略高度，深(shen)刻回答了為什么建(jian)設(she)(she)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)、建(jian)設(she)(she)什么樣的生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)、怎(zen)樣建(jian)設(she)(she)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)等重大(da)理論和實踐問題，系統(tong)形(xing)成了習(xi)近平(ping)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)思想，有力指導生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設(she)(she)和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)保護取(qu)得歷(li)史(shi)性成就、發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)歷(li)史(shi)性變革。

堅持(chi)生態興(xing)則文(wen)明(ming)興(xing)。建設生態文(wen)明(ming)是(shi)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)中華民(min)族永(yong)續發展的(de)根(gen)本大計，功在當(dang)代、利在千秋，關(guan)系(xi)(xi)人民(min)福祉，關(guan)乎(hu)民(min)族未來。

堅持人(ren)與自然和(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)。保(bao)護自然就是(shi)保(bao)護人(ren)類，建(jian)設(she)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明就是(shi)造福人(ren)類。必須尊(zun)重自然、順應自然、保(bao)護自然，像(xiang)保(bao)護眼(yan)睛(jing)一樣保(bao)護生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)，像(xiang)對待生(sheng)(sheng)命一樣對待生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)，推動(dong)形成人(ren)與自然和(he)諧(xie)發(fa)展現(xian)代化建(jian)設(she)新格局，還自然以(yi)寧靜、和(he)諧(xie)、美麗。

堅(jian)(jian)持綠(lv)(lv)(lv)水青山就是(shi)金山銀山。綠(lv)(lv)(lv)水青山既(ji)是(shi)自然財富(fu)、生(sheng)態(tai)財富(fu)，又是(shi)社會財富(fu)、經濟財富(fu)。保護生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)就是(shi)保護生(sheng)產力(li)，改(gai)善(shan)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)就是(shi)發(fa)展(zhan)生(sheng)產力(li)。必(bi)須(xu)堅(jian)(jian)持和貫徹綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)理(li)念，平衡(heng)和處理(li)好發(fa)展(zhan)與(yu)保護的(de)關系，推(tui)動形(xing)成綠(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)式和生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)式，堅(jian)(jian)定不移走生(sheng)產發(fa)展(zhan)、生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)富(fu)裕(yu)、生(sheng)態(tai)良好的(de)文(wen)明發(fa)展(zhan)道路。

堅持良好生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)是(shi)最普惠(hui)的民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)福祉。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建設同每個人息息相關。環境(jing)就是(shi)民生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，青山(shan)就是(shi)美麗，藍(lan)天也是(shi)幸福。必(bi)須堅持以人民為中心，重(zhong)點解決損害群眾健康的突出環境(jing)問題，提供(gong)更多優質生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)產品。

堅(jian)持山水林田(tian)湖草是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)共同體。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)是(shi)(shi)統(tong)一的(de)有機整體。必須按照系統(tong)工程的(de)思路，構建生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)治理體系，著力擴大環(huan)(huan)境(jing)容量和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間，全方位、全地域、全過程開展生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護。

堅持用最嚴格(ge)制度(du)(du)最嚴密(mi)法治保護(hu)生態環境(jing)(jing)。保護(hu)生態環境(jing)(jing)必須依(yi)靠(kao)制度(du)(du)、依(yi)靠(kao)法治。必須構建產權(quan)清晰、多元(yuan)參與、激勵約束(shu)并重、系(xi)統(tong)完整的(de)生態文明制度(du)(du)體系(xi)，讓制度(du)(du)成(cheng)為(wei)剛性(xing)約束(shu)和不可觸(chu)碰的(de)高(gao)壓(ya)線。

堅持建(jian)設(she)美麗中國(guo)全民(min)行動。美麗中國(guo)是人民(min)群眾共同參與共同建(jian)設(she)共同享有的事業。必須加強(qiang)生態(tai)文明宣(xuan)傳教(jiao)育，牢固樹立生態(tai)文明價值觀念和行為準(zhun)則，把建(jian)設(she)美麗中國(guo)化為全民(min)自覺行動。

堅持共(gong)(gong)(gong)謀全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)是(shi)構建(jian)(jian)人類命運共(gong)(gong)(gong)同體的重要內容。必須同舟共(gong)(gong)(gong)濟(ji)、共(gong)(gong)(gong)同努力，構筑尊崇(chong)自然、綠色發展的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)體系，推動全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境治理，建(jian)(jian)設(she)清潔美麗世界。

習近平(ping)生態文(wen)明思想(xiang)為(wei)推進美麗中國建(jian)設、實(shi)現人與自(zi)然和(he)(he)諧共生的現代化提供了方(fang)向(xiang)指引和(he)(he)根(gen)本遵循，必須用以武裝頭腦、指導實(shi)踐、推動工作(zuo)。要教育廣大(da)干部增(zeng)強“四個意識”，樹立正確政績觀，把生態文(wen)明建(jian)設重大(da)部署(shu)和(he)(he)重要任務落到實(shi)處(chu)，讓良(liang)好生態環境成為(wei)人民幸福(fu)生活的增(zeng)長點(dian)、成為(wei)經(jing)濟社會持續健康發展(zhan)的支撐點(dian)、成為(wei)展(zhan)現我國良(liang)好形象的發力點(dian)。

三、全面加強黨對生態環境保護的領導

加強(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境保(bao)護、堅(jian)決打好污染防治攻(gong)堅(jian)戰是黨和(he)國家的重大決策(ce)部署，各(ge)(ge)級黨委(wei)和(he)政府要強(qiang)化對生(sheng)(sheng)態文明建(jian)設(she)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態環境保(bao)護的總體設(she)計和(he)組織領導(dao)，統籌協調處理(li)重大問題，指導(dao)、推動、督促各(ge)(ge)地區各(ge)(ge)部門落(luo)實黨中央、國務(wu)院重大政策(ce)措施(shi)。

（一(yi)）落(luo)實黨(dang)政主(zhu)體責(ze)任(ren)。落(luo)實領導干(gan)部(bu)(bu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設(she)責(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，嚴格實行黨(dang)政同(tong)責(ze)、一(yi)崗雙責(ze)。地(di)(di)方各級黨(dang)委和政府必須堅決扛起(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設(she)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的政治責(ze)任(ren)，對本(ben)行政區域(yu)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)工作及生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)負總責(ze)，主(zhu)要(yao)負責(ze)人(ren)是本(ben)行政區域(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)第一(yi)責(ze)任(ren)人(ren)，至(zhi)少每(mei)(mei)季度(du)研究一(yi)次生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)工作，其他(ta)有關領導成員在職責(ze)范圍內承擔相(xiang)應責(ze)任(ren)。各地(di)(di)要(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)責(ze)任(ren)清單，把任(ren)務分(fen)解落(luo)實到(dao)有關部(bu)(bu)門(men)。抓緊出(chu)臺(tai)中央(yang)和國家機關相(xiang)關部(bu)(bu)門(men)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)責(ze)任(ren)清單。各相(xiang)關部(bu)(bu)門(men)要(yao)履行好生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)職責(ze)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)年度(du)工作計劃(hua)和措施。各地(di)(di)區各部(bu)(bu)門(men)落(luo)實情況每(mei)(mei)年向黨(dang)中央(yang)、國務院報告。

健全環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察(cha)機制(zhi)。完善中央和省(sheng)級環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察(cha)體系，制(zhi)定環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察(cha)工作規定，以解決突出(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)問題、改善生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)質量、推(tui)動(dong)高質量發展為重(zhong)點(dian)，夯實生(sheng)(sheng)態文明建設和生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)政治(zhi)責任，推(tui)動(dong)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)督(du)(du)察(cha)向(xiang)縱深發展。完善督(du)(du)查、交辦(ban)、巡查、約談、專項(xiang)督(du)(du)察(cha)機制(zhi)，開(kai)展重(zhong)點(dian)區域(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)領域(yu)、重(zhong)點(dian)行業專項(xiang)督(du)(du)察(cha)。

（二）強化(hua)考(kao)核(he)(he)問責(ze)。制定對省（自治區、直(zhi)轄市）黨委、人(ren)大、政府(fu)以及中(zhong)央和國家機關(guan)有關(guan)部門污染防治攻堅戰成效考(kao)核(he)(he)辦(ban)法(fa)，對生態環(huan)境保護立法(fa)執法(fa)情(qing)況(kuang)、年度工作(zuo)目標任務完成情(qing)況(kuang)、生態環(huan)境質量狀況(kuang)、資金投入使用情(qing)況(kuang)、公(gong)眾滿意程度等相(xiang)關(guan)方(fang)面開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)考(kao)核(he)(he)。各地參照(zhao)制定考(kao)核(he)(he)實施細則(ze)。開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)領導干部自然資源資產(chan)離任審(shen)計。考(kao)核(he)(he)結果作(zuo)為(wei)領導班子和領導干部綜合考(kao)核(he)(he)評價、獎懲任免的(de)重(zhong)要依(yi)據。

嚴(yan)格責(ze)(ze)任(ren)追究。對(dui)(dui)省(sheng)（自治區、直轄市）黨委和(he)政(zheng)府以(yi)及負有(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護責(ze)(ze)任(ren)的中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)和(he)國家機關有(you)(you)關部(bu)門貫(guan)徹落實黨中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國務(wu)(wu)(wu)院(yuan)決策(ce)部(bu)署不(bu)堅(jian)決不(bu)徹底、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文明建設和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護責(ze)(ze)任(ren)制執行不(bu)到位、污染防治攻堅(jian)任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)完(wan)成(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)滯(zhi)后、區域生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)問題(ti)突出(chu)的，約談主要負責(ze)(ze)人，同(tong)時責(ze)(ze)成(cheng)其向(xiang)黨中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國務(wu)(wu)(wu)院(yuan)作出(chu)深刻檢查。對(dui)(dui)年度目標(biao)任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)未完(wan)成(cheng)、考核(he)不(bu)合格的市、縣，黨政(zheng)主要負責(ze)(ze)人和(he)相關領導班子成(cheng)員不(bu)得(de)評優評先(xian)。對(dui)(dui)在生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)方面造成(cheng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)破壞(huai)負有(you)(you)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)的干部(bu)，不(bu)得(de)提(ti)拔使用(yong)或者轉任(ren)重(zhong)(zhong)要職(zhi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。對(dui)(dui)不(bu)顧生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)盲目決策(ce)、違法違規審(shen)批(pi)開(kai)發(fa)利用(yong)規劃和(he)建設項目的，對(dui)(dui)造成(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)惡化、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)破壞(huai)的，對(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)事件多發(fa)高發(fa)、應對(dui)(dui)不(bu)力、群眾反映強烈的，對(dui)(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護責(ze)(ze)任(ren)沒(mei)有(you)(you)落實、推諉扯皮、沒(mei)有(you)(you)完(wan)成(cheng)工作任(ren)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的，依紀依法嚴(yan)格問責(ze)(ze)、終身(shen)追責(ze)(ze)。

四、總體目標和基本原則

（一）總(zong)體(ti)目標。到(dao)(dao)2020年，生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)質量總(zong)體(ti)改善，主要污染物(wu)排放(fang)總(zong)量大幅減(jian)少，環境(jing)風險得(de)到(dao)(dao)有效管控(kong)，生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)水平同(tong)全面建成小康(kang)社會目標相適(shi)應。

具體指標：全國細顆粒物(wu)(wu)（PM2.5）未達(da)標地(di)(di)級(ji)及以(yi)上(shang)城(cheng)市(shi)濃度(du)比(bi)(bi)2015年(nian)下(xia)降18%以(yi)上(shang)，地(di)(di)級(ji)及以(yi)上(shang)城(cheng)市(shi)空氣質量優(you)良天(tian)數比(bi)(bi)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到80%以(yi)上(shang)；全國地(di)(di)表水(shui)Ⅰ－Ⅲ類(lei)水(shui)體比(bi)(bi)例達(da)到70%以(yi)上(shang)，劣Ⅴ類(lei)水(shui)體比(bi)(bi)例控制(zhi)在5%以(yi)內；近岸海域(yu)水(shui)質優(you)良（一、二類(lei)）比(bi)(bi)例達(da)到70%左右；二氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)硫(liu)、氮氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)物(wu)(wu)排放(fang)量比(bi)(bi)2015年(nian)減少15%以(yi)上(shang)，化(hua)(hua)學需氧(yang)(yang)量、氨(an)氮排放(fang)量減少10%以(yi)上(shang)；受污(wu)染(ran)耕地(di)(di)安(an)全利用(yong)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到90%左右，污(wu)染(ran)地(di)(di)塊安(an)全利用(yong)率(lv)(lv)達(da)到90%以(yi)上(shang)；生態(tai)保護紅線(xian)面積占比(bi)(bi)達(da)到25%左右；森(sen)林覆蓋率(lv)(lv)達(da)到23.04%以(yi)上(shang)。

通過加快構建生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明體系，確保到(dao)2035年節約(yue)資源和保護生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)的空(kong)間(jian)格局、產業結構、生(sheng)產方式、生(sheng)活(huo)方式總體形(xing)成，生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)質量實(shi)現(xian)(xian)根本(ben)好轉，美麗(li)中國(guo)目標基本(ben)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)。到(dao)本(ben)世紀中葉，生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)(wen)明全面提升，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)領域國(guo)家治理體系和治理能力現(xian)(xian)代化。

（二）基本原則

——堅(jian)持保護優(you)先。落實生(sheng)態保護紅線、環境質(zhi)量底線、資源(yuan)利用上線硬(ying)約束，深化供給(gei)側結構性(xing)改革(ge)，推動形成綠色發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)方式和(he)生(sheng)活方式，堅(jian)定不移(yi)走(zou)生(sheng)產發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、生(sheng)活富(fu)裕、生(sheng)態良好的文(wen)明發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)道(dao)路。

——強化問(wen)題導向(xiang)。以改善生(sheng)態環境(jing)質量(liang)為(wei)核心(xin)，針(zhen)對流(liu)域(yu)、區域(yu)、行業(ye)特(te)點，聚焦問(wen)題、分類(lei)施(shi)策、精準發力，不斷取得新成效，讓(rang)人民(min)群眾(zhong)有更(geng)多獲得感(gan)。

——突出改(gai)革(ge)創新。深化(hua)生態環境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)體(ti)制機制改(gai)革(ge)，統籌兼(jian)顧、系統謀劃，強化(hua)協(xie)調、整合力量，區域協(xie)作、條塊結合，嚴(yan)格環境(jing)標準，完善經濟(ji)政策(ce)，增強科技(ji)支(zhi)撐和能力保(bao)障，提升生態環境(jing)治理(li)的系統性(xing)、整體(ti)性(xing)、協(xie)同(tong)性(xing)。

——注重(zhong)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)監(jian)管(guan)。完善生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)規體系，健全生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)行政執法(fa)(fa)(fa)和刑事司法(fa)(fa)(fa)銜接機(ji)制，依法(fa)(fa)(fa)嚴懲重(zhong)罰生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)犯罪行為。

——推進全(quan)民共治。政(zheng)府、企(qi)業、公眾(zhong)各盡其責(ze)、共同發(fa)力，政(zheng)府積極發(fa)揮主(zhu)導作用，企(qi)業主(zhu)動承擔(dan)環境治理(li)主(zhu)體(ti)責(ze)任，公眾(zhong)自(zi)覺(jue)踐行綠色生活。

五、推動形成綠色發展方式和生活方式

堅持節(jie)約(yue)優先，加強源頭管控，轉變發(fa)(fa)展方式，培育(yu)壯大新興產(chan)業，推(tui)(tui)動傳統產(chan)業智能(neng)化(hua)、清潔化(hua)改造，加快(kuai)發(fa)(fa)展節(jie)能(neng)環(huan)保(bao)產(chan)業，全面節(jie)約(yue)能(neng)源資源，協(xie)同推(tui)(tui)動經濟高質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展和生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)高水平保(bao)護。

（一）促進(jin)經濟(ji)綠(lv)色(se)低碳循環(huan)(huan)(huan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。對重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)流域、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)布局開展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)環(huan)(huan)(huan)評(ping)，調整優(you)化(hua)(hua)不符合生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)定(ding)位(wei)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)布局、規(gui)模和(he)結(jie)構(gou)。嚴格控制重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)流域、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)風險項目。對國家級新(xin)(xin)區(qu)、工業(ye)(ye)(ye)園區(qu)、高新(xin)(xin)區(qu)等進(jin)行(xing)集中整治，限(xian)期(qi)(qi)進(jin)行(xing)達標改造(zao)。加(jia)快城(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)成區(qu)、重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)流域的(de)(de)重(zhong)污染企業(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)危險化(hua)(hua)學品企業(ye)(ye)(ye)搬遷改造(zao)，2018年年底前，相關城(cheng)市(shi)政(zheng)府就此制定(ding)專項計劃(hua)并向(xiang)社會公開。促進(jin)傳統產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)優(you)化(hua)(hua)升級，構(gou)建(jian)綠(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈體系。繼續化(hua)(hua)解過剩產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，嚴禁鋼(gang)鐵、水(shui)泥(ni)、電(dian)解鋁、平板玻璃等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)增(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，對確有必(bi)(bi)要(yao)新(xin)(xin)建(jian)的(de)(de)必(bi)(bi)須實施等量或(huo)減量置換(huan)。加(jia)快推進(jin)危險化(hua)(hua)學品生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)搬遷改造(zao)工程。提(ti)高污染排(pai)放標準，加(jia)大鋼(gang)鐵等重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)淘汰力(li)度，鼓勵各地制定(ding)范(fan)圍更廣、標準更嚴的(de)(de)落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)淘汰政(zheng)策。構(gou)建(jian)市(shi)場導向(xiang)的(de)(de)綠(lv)色(se)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)創新(xin)(xin)體系，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品全(quan)生(sheng)命(ming)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)綠(lv)色(se)管(guan)理。大力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、清(qing)潔生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，加(jia)強(qiang)科技(ji)(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)引(yin)(yin)領，著力(li)引(yin)(yin)導綠(lv)色(se)消費，大力(li)提(ti)高節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)、資源(yuan)循環(huan)(huan)(huan)利用等綠(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)裝(zhuang)備(bei)水(shui)平，培育發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)一批骨干企業(ye)(ye)(ye)。大力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)服(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，推行(xing)合同(tong)(tong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)管(guan)理、合同(tong)(tong)節水(shui)管(guan)理，積(ji)極探索區(qu)域環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)托管(guan)服(fu)務(wu)等新(xin)(xin)模式。鼓勵新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)態發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)模式創新(xin)(xin)。在能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、冶金(jin)、建(jian)材、有色(se)、化(hua)(hua)工、電(dian)鍍(du)、造(zao)紙(zhi)、印染、農副食(shi)品加(jia)工等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，全(quan)面(mian)推進(jin)清(qing)潔生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)改造(zao)或(huo)清(qing)潔化(hua)(hua)改造(zao)。

（二）推(tui)進能(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)全(quan)面節(jie)(jie)約。強(qiang)化(hua)能(neng)源(yuan)和水資(zi)源(yuan)消耗(hao)、建(jian)設用(yong)地等總量(liang)和強(qiang)度(du)雙控(kong)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)最嚴格(ge)的耕地保(bao)護(hu)、節(jie)(jie)約用(yong)地和水資(zi)源(yuan)管理制(zhi)度(du)。實(shi)(shi)施國(guo)家(jia)節(jie)(jie)水行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，完善(shan)水價形成機制(zhi)，推(tui)進節(jie)(jie)水型社會和節(jie)(jie)水型城市(shi)(shi)建(jian)設，到2020年，全(quan)國(guo)用(yong)水總量(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)在6700億立(li)方米(mi)以(yi)內。健(jian)全(quan)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)、節(jie)(jie)水、節(jie)(jie)地、節(jie)(jie)材、節(jie)(jie)礦標(biao)準(zhun)體系，大(da)幅降低(di)重(zhong)點(dian)行(xing)(xing)業和企(qi)業能(neng)耗(hao)、物耗(hao)，推(tui)行(xing)(xing)生產者責(ze)任延伸制(zhi)度(du)，實(shi)(shi)現生產系統(tong)和生活(huo)系統(tong)循環鏈接。鼓勵新(xin)建(jian)建(jian)筑(zhu)采(cai)用(yong)綠(lv)色建(jian)材，大(da)力發展(zhan)裝配(pei)式建(jian)筑(zhu)，提高新(xin)建(jian)綠(lv)色建(jian)筑(zhu)比例。以(yi)北(bei)方采(cai)暖地區為重(zhong)點(dian)，推(tui)進既有居住(zhu)建(jian)筑(zhu)節(jie)(jie)能(neng)改(gai)造。積極應對氣候(hou)變化(hua)，采(cai)取有力措施確保(bao)完成2020年控(kong)制(zhi)溫室(shi)氣體排放行(xing)(xing)動(dong)目(mu)標(biao)。扎實(shi)(shi)推(tui)進全(quan)國(guo)碳(tan)排放權交易市(shi)(shi)場(chang)建(jian)設，統(tong)籌深化(hua)低(di)碳(tan)試點(dian)。

（三）引導公(gong)眾綠(lv)(lv)色(se)生活。加(jia)強生態(tai)文明宣傳教育，倡導簡約適度(du)、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低(di)碳的生活方(fang)式(shi)，反對奢侈浪費(fei)和不合(he)理消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)。開展創建綠(lv)(lv)色(se)家(jia)庭、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)學校、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)社區、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)商場、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)餐館等行(xing)動。推行(xing)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)，出(chu)臺快遞業、共(gong)享經濟等新業態(tai)的規范標(biao)準，推廣環境標(biao)志產品(pin)、有機產品(pin)等綠(lv)(lv)色(se)產品(pin)。提倡綠(lv)(lv)色(se)居住，節約用(yong)(yong)水用(yong)(yong)電，合(he)理控制夏季(ji)空(kong)調和冬季(ji)取暖(nuan)室內溫(wen)度(du)。大力(li)發展公(gong)共(gong)交(jiao)通，鼓勵(li)自(zi)行(xing)車、步行(xing)等綠(lv)(lv)色(se)出(chu)行(xing)。

六、堅決打贏藍天保衛戰

編(bian)制實施打贏(ying)藍天(tian)(tian)保衛戰三年作戰計劃，以京(jing)津冀及周邊、長三角(jiao)、汾渭平原等重點區域(yu)(yu)為主戰場，調整優化(hua)產(chan)業結構(gou)、能源結構(gou)、運輸結構(gou)、用(yong)地結構(gou)，強化(hua)區域(yu)(yu)聯防(fang)聯控和重污染(ran)天(tian)(tian)氣應對，進一(yi)步明(ming)顯降(jiang)低PM2.5濃度，明(ming)顯減少重污染(ran)天(tian)(tian)數，明(ming)顯改善大氣環境質(zhi)量，明(ming)顯增強人民的藍天(tian)(tian)幸福感。

（一）加強工(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)大(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)綜合(he)治理。全(quan)面整治“散(san)亂(luan)污”企(qi)業(ye)(ye)及集(ji)群，實行(xing)拉網(wang)式排(pai)(pai)查和清單(dan)式、臺賬式、網(wang)格化管理，分類實施關停(ting)取締、整合(he)搬(ban)遷(qian)、整改(gai)提升等措施，京津冀及周邊區(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底前(qian)完成(cheng)，其他重點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底前(qian)完成(cheng)。堅決關停(ting)用地(di)、工(gong)商手續不全(quan)并難以通(tong)過改(gai)造(zao)(zao)達標的企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，限期治理可以達標改(gai)造(zao)(zao)的企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，逾期依法一律關停(ting)。強化工(gong)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)無組(zu)(zu)織排(pai)(pai)放(fang)管理，推(tui)進揮發(fa)(fa)性有(you)機(ji)物(wu)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)綜合(he)整治，開展大(da)氣(qi)(qi)氨(an)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)控制試點(dian)(dian)。到2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，揮發(fa)(fa)性有(you)機(ji)物(wu)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)總量(liang)比2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)10%以上。重點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)和大(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)嚴重城市(shi)加大(da)鋼鐵、鑄造(zao)(zao)、煉焦、建材、電解(jie)鋁等產能壓(ya)減力(li)度(du)(du)，實施大(da)氣(qi)(qi)污染(ran)物(wu)特別(bie)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)限值(zhi)。加大(da)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)高、污染(ran)重的煤(mei)電機(ji)組(zu)(zu)淘汰力(li)度(du)(du)，在重點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)加快推(tui)進。到2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，具備改(gai)造(zao)(zao)條件的燃煤(mei)電廠全(quan)部完成(cheng)超低排(pai)(pai)放(fang)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)，重點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)不具備改(gai)造(zao)(zao)條件的高污染(ran)燃煤(mei)電廠逐步關停(ting)。推(tui)動鋼鐵等行(xing)業(ye)(ye)超低排(pai)(pai)放(fang)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)。

（二）大力推進散煤治理(li)和煤炭消(xiao)費減量替代。增(zeng)加(jia)清潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)源使用，拓(tuo)寬清潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)源消(xiao)納渠(qu)道，落實(shi)可再生能(neng)源發電全額保障性收購政策(ce)。安(an)全高(gao)效(xiao)發展核電。推動清潔(jie)(jie)低碳能(neng)源優先上網。加(jia)快(kuai)重點輸電通道建設，提高(gao)重點區(qu)域(yu)(yu)接(jie)受外輸電比例。因地制(zhi)宜、加(jia)快(kuai)實(shi)施(shi)北方地區(qu)冬季清潔(jie)(jie)取暖五年(nian)規劃。鼓勵余熱、淺層地熱能(neng)等(deng)清潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)源取暖。加(jia)強(qiang)煤層氣(qi)（煤礦(kuang)瓦斯）綜合利用，實(shi)施(shi)生物(wu)天然(ran)氣(qi)工程。到2020年(nian)，京(jing)津冀及(ji)(ji)周邊、汾(fen)渭平原的平原地區(qu)基本完成生活和冬季取暖散煤替代；北京(jing)、天津、河北、山(shan)東、河南及(ji)(ji)珠三角區(qu)域(yu)(yu)煤炭消(xiao)費總量比2015年(nian)均下(xia)降10%左(zuo)右，上海、江蘇、浙江、安(an)徽及(ji)(ji)汾(fen)渭平原煤炭消(xiao)費總量均下(xia)降5%左(zuo)右；重點區(qu)域(yu)(yu)基本淘汰每小時35蒸噸以下(xia)燃煤鍋爐。推廣(guang)清潔(jie)(jie)高(gao)效(xiao)燃煤鍋爐。

（三）打好柴(chai)油貨(huo)車(che)(che)(che)(che)污染(ran)治(zhi)理攻(gong)堅戰。以開(kai)展柴(chai)油貨(huo)車(che)(che)(che)(che)超標(biao)(biao)排(pai)(pai)放專項整治(zhi)為(wei)(wei)抓(zhua)手(shou)，統(tong)籌開(kai)展油、路(lu)(lu)(lu)、車(che)(che)(che)(che)治(zhi)理和(he)(he)(he)機動車(che)(che)(che)(che)船(chuan)污染(ran)防治(zhi)。嚴厲(li)打擊生產銷(xiao)(xiao)售不達標(biao)(biao)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛、排(pai)(pai)放檢(jian)驗機構檢(jian)測(ce)弄虛作假(jia)等違法行(xing)為(wei)(wei)。加快(kuai)淘汰老舊車(che)(che)(che)(che)，鼓勵(li)清潔(jie)能源(yuan)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛、船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)推(tui)廣使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。建設“天地車(che)(che)(che)(che)人”一體化的(de)機動車(che)(che)(che)(che)排(pai)(pai)放監控(kong)系統(tong)，完善機動車(che)(che)(che)(che)遙感監測(ce)網絡(luo)。推(tui)進鋼鐵(tie)、電(dian)力(li)、電(dian)解鋁(lv)、焦(jiao)化等重(zhong)點工業(ye)企業(ye)和(he)(he)(he)工業(ye)園區(qu)(qu)貨(huo)物(wu)由公路(lu)(lu)(lu)運(yun)輸(shu)轉向鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)(lu)運(yun)輸(shu)。顯著(zhu)提(ti)(ti)高重(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)大宗貨(huo)物(wu)鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)(lu)水路(lu)(lu)(lu)貨(huo)運(yun)比(bi)例，提(ti)(ti)高沿海港口(kou)集裝箱鐵(tie)路(lu)(lu)(lu)集疏港比(bi)例。重(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)實施機動車(che)(che)(che)(che)國(guo)六(liu)排(pai)(pai)放標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，嚴格實施船(chuan)舶(bo)和(he)(he)(he)非道路(lu)(lu)(lu)移動機械(xie)(xie)大氣(qi)排(pai)(pai)放標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。鼓勵(li)淘汰老舊船(chuan)舶(bo)、工程機械(xie)(xie)和(he)(he)(he)農(nong)業(ye)機械(xie)(xie)。落實珠三角、長三角、環渤海京(jing)津冀水域(yu)(yu)船(chuan)舶(bo)排(pai)(pai)放控(kong)制區(qu)(qu)管理政策，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)主要港口(kou)和(he)(he)(he)排(pai)(pai)放控(kong)制區(qu)(qu)內(nei)港口(kou)靠港船(chuan)舶(bo)率先使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)岸電(dian)。到2020年，長江(jiang)干線、西(xi)江(jiang)航運(yun)干線、京(jing)杭運(yun)河水上服務區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)(he)待閘錨(mao)地基本具備(bei)船(chuan)舶(bo)岸電(dian)供應能力(li)。2019年1月(yue)1日(ri)起，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)供應符合國(guo)六(liu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)車(che)(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)汽油和(he)(he)(he)車(che)(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)柴(chai)油，力(li)爭(zheng)重(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)提(ti)(ti)前(qian)供應。盡快(kuai)實現(xian)車(che)(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)柴(chai)油、普通柴(chai)油和(he)(he)(he)部分船(chuan)舶(bo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)油標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)并軌(gui)。內(nei)河和(he)(he)(he)江(jiang)海直(zhi)達船(chuan)舶(bo)必(bi)須使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)硫含量不大于10毫克(ke)/千克(ke)的(de)柴(chai)油。嚴厲(li)打擊生產、銷(xiao)(xiao)售和(he)(he)(he)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)非標(biao)(biao)車(che)(che)(che)(che)（船(chuan)）用(yong)(yong)(yong)燃料(liao)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)，徹底(di)清除黑加油站點。

（四）強(qiang)化國(guo)土(tu)綠(lv)化和(he)揚塵管控。積極推進露天礦山綜(zong)合整治，加(jia)快(kuai)環境修復和(he)綠(lv)化。開展大規(gui)模國(guo)土(tu)綠(lv)化行動，加(jia)強(qiang)北方防(fang)沙帶建(jian)設，實施京津(jin)風沙源治理工程、重點防(fang)護林工程，增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)林草覆蓋率。在(zai)城市功(gong)能疏解、更新和(he)調整中，將騰退空間優(you)先用于留白增(zeng)(zeng)綠(lv)。落實城市道路和(he)城市范圍內施工工地等(deng)揚塵管控。

（五）有(you)效(xiao)應(ying)對(dui)(dui)重(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)。強化(hua)(hua)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區域(yu)(yu)聯防聯控(kong)(kong)(kong)聯治，統(tong)一預警分級(ji)標準、信息發布、應(ying)急響應(ying)，提前采取(qu)應(ying)急減排措施(shi)(shi)(shi)，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)區域(yu)(yu)應(ying)急聯動(dong)，有(you)效(xiao)降低污染(ran)程度。完(wan)善(shan)應(ying)急預案，明確政府、部門(men)及企業(ye)的應(ying)急責(ze)任，科學(xue)確定(ding)重(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)期間(jian)管(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)和污染(ran)源減排清(qing)單。指導公眾做好重(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)健康防護(hu)。推進預測預報(bao)預警體系(xi)建設，2018年年底前，進一步(bu)提升國家級(ji)空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)預報(bao)能(neng)力(li)，區域(yu)(yu)預報(bao)中(zhong)心(xin)具備7至10天(tian)空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)預報(bao)能(neng)力(li)，省級(ji)預報(bao)中(zhong)心(xin)具備7天(tian)空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)預報(bao)能(neng)力(li)并(bing)精確到(dao)所轄各城(cheng)市。重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區域(yu)(yu)采暖季節，對(dui)(dui)鋼鐵(tie)、焦化(hua)(hua)、建材、鑄造、電(dian)解鋁、化(hua)(hua)工(gong)等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)企業(ye)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)錯(cuo)(cuo)峰(feng)生產。重(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)期間(jian)，對(dui)(dui)鋼鐵(tie)、焦化(hua)(hua)、有(you)色、電(dian)力(li)、化(hua)(hua)工(gong)等(deng)涉及大宗原材料及產品運輸(shu)(shu)的重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)企業(ye)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)錯(cuo)(cuo)峰(feng)運輸(shu)(shu)；強化(hua)(hua)城(cheng)市建設施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)工(gong)地(di)揚塵管(guan)控(kong)(kong)(kong)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)，加強道路機(ji)掃。依(yi)法嚴(yan)禁秸稈露天(tian)焚燒，全(quan)面推進綜合(he)利用。到(dao)2020年，地(di)級(ji)及以上城(cheng)市重(zhong)(zhong)污染(ran)天(tian)數(shu)比(bi)2015年減少25%。

七、著力打好碧水保衛戰

深入實(shi)施(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)行動計劃(hua)，扎實(shi)推(tui)進河長(chang)制湖(hu)長(chang)制，堅持(chi)污(wu)染(ran)減(jian)排和(he)生態(tai)擴(kuo)容兩(liang)手發力(li)，加快工業(ye)、農業(ye)、生活污(wu)染(ran)源和(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)生態(tai)系統整治(zhi)，保障飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)安全，消除城市黑臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體，減(jian)少污(wu)染(ran)嚴重水(shui)(shui)(shui)體和(he)不達標水(shui)(shui)(shui)體。　　

（一）打好水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)地保護(hu)攻堅戰。加(jia)強水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、出廠水(shui)(shui)(shui)、管網水(shui)(shui)(shui)、末梢(shao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的全過程(cheng)管理。劃定(ding)集中式(shi)飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)，推進規范化建(jian)設。強化南水(shui)(shui)(shui)北調水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)地及沿線生態環境保護(hu)。深化地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)污染(ran)防治。全面排查和(he)整治縣級(ji)及以上城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內的違法違規問題(ti)，長江經濟帶于2018年(nian)年(nian)底前、其他(ta)地區(qu)(qu)于2019年(nian)年(nian)底前完(wan)成。單一水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)的地級(ji)及以上城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)應當建(jian)設應急水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)或備用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)。定(ding)期監（檢）測、評估集中式(shi)飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)、供水(shui)(shui)(shui)單位供水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)用(yong)戶水(shui)(shui)(shui)龍頭水(shui)(shui)(shui)質狀況(kuang)，縣級(ji)及以上城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)至少(shao)每季度向(xiang)社會公開一次。

（二）打好(hao)城(cheng)市(shi)黑(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體治理(li)(li)攻(gong)堅戰。實(shi)施城(cheng)鎮污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)“提質增效”三(san)年行動，加快(kuai)補齊城(cheng)鎮污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)收集(ji)(ji)和處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)施短板，盡(jin)快(kuai)實(shi)現(xian)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管網(wang)全(quan)覆蓋、全(quan)收集(ji)(ji)、全(quan)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)。完善污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)收費政策，各地要(yao)按規(gui)定將污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)收費標準(zhun)盡(jin)快(kuai)調整到(dao)位，原則上應補償(chang)到(dao)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)和污(wu)(wu)泥處(chu)(chu)置設(she)施正常運營并合理(li)(li)盈利。對(dui)中西部地區，中央財政給予適當支持(chi)。加強(qiang)城(cheng)市(shi)初期(qi)雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)收集(ji)(ji)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)施建設(she)，有(you)效減少(shao)城(cheng)市(shi)面源污(wu)(wu)染。到(dao)2020年，地級及以上城(cheng)市(shi)建成區黑(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體消(xiao)除比例達90%以上。鼓(gu)勵京津冀、長三(san)角(jiao)、珠三(san)角(jiao)區域城(cheng)市(shi)建成區盡(jin)早(zao)全(quan)面消(xiao)除黑(hei)臭(chou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)體。

（三(san)）打好長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)保(bao)護修復攻堅戰(zhan)。開(kai)展長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)生(sheng)態(tai)隱患(huan)和(he)(he)環境風險(xian)調查評估，劃定(ding)高風險(xian)區(qu)域(yu)，從嚴(yan)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)生(sheng)態(tai)環境風險(xian)防控措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。優化長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)經濟帶產業布(bu)局和(he)(he)規(gui)模，嚴(yan)禁污染型產業、企業向上(shang)中游地區(qu)轉移。排查整(zheng)治(zhi)入(ru)(ru)河(he)(he)入(ru)(ru)湖(hu)(hu)排污口(kou)及不(bu)達標水(shui)(shui)(shui)體，市、縣級政(zheng)府(fu)制定(ding)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)不(bu)達標水(shui)(shui)(shui)體限期達標規(gui)劃。到2020年(nian)，長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)基(ji)本消除劣(lie)Ⅴ類水(shui)(shui)(shui)體。強化船舶(bo)和(he)(he)港(gang)口(kou)污染防治(zhi)，現有船舶(bo)到2020年(nian)全部完成達標改造，港(gang)口(kou)、船舶(bo)修造廠(chang)環衛設(she)施(shi)(shi)、污水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理設(she)施(shi)(shi)納入(ru)(ru)城市設(she)施(shi)(shi)建設(she)規(gui)劃。加強沿河(he)(he)環湖(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護，修復濕地等水(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統(tong)，因地制宜建設(she)人工濕地水(shui)(shui)(shui)質凈化工程。實(shi)施(shi)(shi)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)上(shang)中游水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫群聯(lian)合(he)調度，保(bao)障干(gan)流(liu)、主要支流(liu)和(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)泊(bo)基(ji)本生(sheng)態(tai)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。

（四）打好渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)綜合(he)治(zhi)(zhi)理攻堅戰。以渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)海(hai)(hai)區的渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)灣(wan)、遼(liao)東(dong)灣(wan)、萊(lai)州灣(wan)、遼(liao)河(he)口(kou)、黃河(he)口(kou)等(deng)為重點，推動河(he)口(kou)海(hai)(hai)灣(wan)綜合(he)整治(zhi)(zhi)。全面整治(zhi)(zhi)入海(hai)(hai)污染(ran)源，規范入海(hai)(hai)排(pai)污口(kou)設置(zhi)，全部清理非法排(pai)污口(kou)。嚴(yan)格(ge)控制(zhi)海(hai)(hai)水養(yang)殖等(deng)造成的海(hai)(hai)上污染(ran)，推進海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)垃圾防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)和清理。率先在渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)實施(shi)主要(yao)污染(ran)物排(pai)海(hai)(hai)總量(liang)控制(zhi)制(zhi)度(du)，強(qiang)化(hua)陸(lu)海(hai)(hai)污染(ran)聯(lian)防(fang)聯(lian)控，加強(qiang)入海(hai)(hai)河(he)流(liu)治(zhi)(zhi)理與監管。實施(shi)最(zui)嚴(yan)格(ge)的圍(wei)(wei)填(tian)海(hai)(hai)和岸(an)線開發管控，統籌安排(pai)海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)空間利(li)用活動。渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)禁止審批新(xin)增圍(wei)(wei)填(tian)海(hai)(hai)項(xiang)目(mu)，引導符合(he)國家產業政策的項(xiang)目(mu)消化(hua)存量(liang)圍(wei)(wei)填(tian)海(hai)(hai)資源，已審批但未(wei)開工的項(xiang)目(mu)要(yao)依法重新(xin)進行(xing)評(ping)估和清理。

（五）打好農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)污(wu)(wu)染治(zhi)理(li)攻堅戰(zhan)。以建設美麗宜居村(cun)(cun)莊為導向，持續(xu)開展農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)居環境(jing)(jing)(jing)整(zheng)治(zhi)行(xing)動，實(shi)(shi)現全國行(xing)政村(cun)(cun)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)整(zheng)治(zhi)全覆蓋。到(dao)(dao)(dao)2020年(nian)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)人(ren)居環境(jing)(jing)(jing)明顯改(gai)善(shan)，村(cun)(cun)莊環境(jing)(jing)(jing)基(ji)本干凈整(zheng)潔有(you)序，東部(bu)地(di)區、中西(xi)部(bu)城市近郊區等(deng)有(you)基(ji)礎、有(you)條件(jian)的地(di)區人(ren)居環境(jing)(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)全面提升，管護長(chang)效機制(zhi)初(chu)步建立；中西(xi)部(bu)有(you)較好基(ji)礎、基(ji)本具備(bei)條件(jian)的地(di)區力爭(zheng)實(shi)(shi)現90%左右的村(cun)(cun)莊生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾得到(dao)(dao)(dao)治(zhi)理(li)，衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)廁所普及率(lv)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)85%左右，生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)亂(luan)排亂(luan)放(fang)得到(dao)(dao)(dao)管控。減少(shao)化肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥使用量(liang)，制(zhi)修訂并嚴格(ge)執行(xing)化肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥等(deng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)投入(ru)品質(zhi)量(liang)標準，嚴格(ge)控制(zhi)高毒高風險農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥使用，推(tui)進有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)替代化肥(fei)(fei)、病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)綠(lv)色(se)防(fang)控替代化學防(fang)治(zhi)和廢棄(qi)(qi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)膜回收，完(wan)善(shan)廢舊地(di)膜和包裝(zhuang)廢棄(qi)(qi)物等(deng)回收處(chu)(chu)理(li)制(zhi)度(du)。到(dao)(dao)(dao)2020年(nian)，化肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥使用量(liang)實(shi)(shi)現零增長(chang)。堅持種植(zhi)和養(yang)殖(zhi)相結合(he)，就(jiu)地(di)就(jiu)近消納利用畜禽養(yang)殖(zhi)廢棄(qi)(qi)物。合(he)理(li)布局水(shui)產養(yang)殖(zhi)空間，深入(ru)推(tui)進水(shui)產健康養(yang)殖(zhi)，開展重點江河湖(hu)庫及重點近岸海域破壞生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)(jing)(jing)的養(yang)殖(zhi)方式綜(zong)合(he)整(zheng)治(zhi)。到(dao)(dao)(dao)2020年(nian)，全國畜禽糞污(wu)(wu)綜(zong)合(he)利用率(lv)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)75%以上，規模養(yang)殖(zhi)場糞污(wu)(wu)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設施裝(zhuang)備(bei)配套(tao)率(lv)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)95%以上。

八、扎實推進凈土保衛戰

全(quan)面(mian)實施土(tu)壤污染防(fang)治(zhi)行動(dong)計劃(hua)，突(tu)出重點區域、行業(ye)和污染物，有(you)效(xiao)管控(kong)農用地(di)和城市(shi)建設用地(di)土(tu)壤環境風險。

（一）強(qiang)化土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染管(guan)(guan)(guan)控和修復。加強(qiang)耕地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)境(jing)分類管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。嚴格(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)控重(zhong)度污(wu)染耕地(di)(di)(di)，嚴禁在(zai)重(zhong)度污(wu)染耕地(di)(di)(di)種(zhong)植(zhi)食(shi)用(yong)(yong)農產(chan)品(pin)。實施耕地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)保護(hu)重(zhong)大(da)工程，開展重(zhong)點(dian)地(di)(di)(di)區涉重(zhong)金屬行業(ye)排查(cha)和整治(zhi)。2018年年底(di)前，完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)農用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染狀(zhuang)況(kuang)詳查(cha)。2020年年底(di)前，編制完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)耕地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)境(jing)質量分類清單。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立建(jian)(jian)(jian)設用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)控和修復名錄，列入名錄且未完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)治(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)(li)修復的(de)地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)不(bu)(bu)得作(zuo)為住宅、公共管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)與公共服務用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立污(wu)染地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)聯(lian)動監管(guan)(guan)(guan)機制，將建(jian)(jian)(jian)設用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)環(huan)境(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)要求納入用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)規劃(hua)和供(gong)地(di)(di)(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，嚴格(ge)控制用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)準入，強(qiang)化暫不(bu)(bu)開發污(wu)染地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)(kuai)的(de)風(feng)險(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)控。2020年年底(di)前，完(wan)(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)點(dian)行業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染狀(zhuang)況(kuang)調查(cha)。嚴格(ge)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)污(wu)染重(zhong)點(dian)行業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)搬遷改造過(guo)程中拆除(chu)活動的(de)環(huan)境(jing)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)。

（二）加快推進(jin)(jin)垃(la)(la)(la)(la)圾分(fen)類處(chu)(chu)理。到(dao)2020年，實現所有城市(shi)和(he)縣城生活(huo)垃(la)(la)(la)(la)圾處(chu)(chu)理能(neng)力全覆蓋，基本完成非正規垃(la)(la)(la)(la)圾堆放(fang)點(dian)整治；直轄(xia)市(shi)、計劃單列(lie)市(shi)、省會(hui)城市(shi)和(he)第一批分(fen)類示(shi)范城市(shi)基本建(jian)成生活(huo)垃(la)(la)(la)(la)圾分(fen)類處(chu)(chu)理系統(tong)。推進(jin)(jin)垃(la)(la)(la)(la)圾資源(yuan)化(hua)利用，大力發展(zhan)垃(la)(la)(la)(la)圾焚燒發電(dian)。推進(jin)(jin)農村(cun)(cun)垃(la)(la)(la)(la)圾就地分(fen)類、資源(yuan)化(hua)利用和(he)處(chu)(chu)理，建(jian)立農村(cun)(cun)有機(ji)廢棄物(wu)收集、轉化(hua)、利用網絡體(ti)系。

（三）強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)固(gu)體廢(fei)物(wu)污染(ran)防治。全面禁(jin)止洋垃(la)圾入(ru)境(jing)，嚴厲(li)打擊(ji)走(zou)私，大幅減少固(gu)體廢(fei)物(wu)進(jin)口(kou)種類和數量，力(li)爭(zheng)2020年年底前(qian)基本實現固(gu)體廢(fei)物(wu)零進(jin)口(kou)。開展(zhan)“無廢(fei)城市”試點(dian)，推(tui)(tui)動固(gu)體廢(fei)物(wu)資源化(hua)(hua)(hua)利(li)用。調查、評估(gu)重點(dian)工業行業危(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)產(chan)生(sheng)、貯存、利(li)用、處置情況。完善危(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)經營許可、轉移(yi)等管(guan)理(li)制度，建(jian)立(li)信息(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)監管(guan)體系，提升危(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)處理(li)處置能力(li)，實施全過程(cheng)監管(guan)。嚴厲(li)打擊(ji)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)廢(fei)物(wu)非法跨界轉移(yi)、傾倒等違法犯罪(zui)活動。深入(ru)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)長江經濟帶固(gu)體廢(fei)物(wu)大排查活動。評估(gu)有毒有害化(hua)(hua)(hua)學品在生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)中的(de)風險(xian)狀況，嚴格限制高風險(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學品生(sheng)產(chan)、使用、進(jin)出口(kou)，并(bing)逐步淘汰、替代。

九、加快生態保護與修復

堅持自然恢復為主，統(tong)籌開展全國生(sheng)態保護與修(xiu)復，全面劃定(ding)(ding)并嚴守生(sheng)態保護紅線，提升生(sheng)態系統(tong)質量和(he)穩定(ding)(ding)性。

（一）劃(hua)定(ding)并(bing)嚴守(shou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。按(an)照(zhao)應保(bao)(bao)盡保(bao)(bao)、應劃(hua)盡劃(hua)的原則，將生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)功(gong)能(neng)重要區(qu)域、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境敏感脆弱區(qu)域納(na)入生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)。到(dao)2020年(nian)，全面完(wan)成(cheng)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)劃(hua)定(ding)、勘界定(ding)標，形(xing)成(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)“一張圖”，實(shi)現一條(tiao)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管控重要生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)空間。制定(ding)實(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管理辦法、保(bao)(bao)護(hu)修復(fu)方案(an)，建設國(guo)(guo)(guo)家生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監管平臺(tai)，開展生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)監測(ce)預警與評(ping)估考核。

（二(er)）堅決查處(chu)生(sheng)(sheng)態破(po)壞(huai)行為(wei)。2018年年底前，縣級及以上地方政府全面排(pai)查違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)違(wei)(wei)(wei)規(gui)擠占(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)態空間、破(po)壞(huai)自然(ran)遺跡等(deng)行為(wei)，制(zhi)定治理和修復(fu)計劃并向社會(hui)公(gong)開。開展病危險尾礦(kuang)庫(ku)和“頭頂庫(ku)”專項(xiang)整治。持續開展“綠盾”自然(ran)保護區監督檢查專項(xiang)行動，嚴(yan)肅查處(chu)各類違(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)違(wei)(wei)(wei)規(gui)行為(wei)，限期進行整治修復(fu)。

（三(san)）建立(li)以國(guo)(guo)(guo)家公園為(wei)主體(ti)的自然保護(hu)地體(ti)系。到2020年，完(wan)成全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)自然保護(hu)區范圍界限核準和(he)(he)(he)勘界立(li)標，整合(he)(he)設立(li)一(yi)批(pi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家公園，自然保護(hu)地相關(guan)法規(gui)和(he)(he)(he)管理(li)制度基本建立(li)。對(dui)生(sheng)態(tai)嚴重退化地區實行封禁(jin)管理(li)，穩(wen)步實施(shi)退耕還(huan)林(lin)(lin)還(huan)草和(he)(he)(he)退牧還(huan)草，擴大輪作休耕試(shi)點，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)推(tui)行草原(yuan)禁(jin)牧休牧和(he)(he)(he)草畜平衡制度。依(yi)法依(yi)規(gui)解決自然保護(hu)地內的礦業(ye)權(quan)合(he)(he)理(li)退出問題。全(quan)(quan)面(mian)保護(hu)天然林(lin)(lin)，推(tui)進荒(huang)漠化、石漠化、水土流失綜(zong)合(he)(he)治(zhi)理(li)，強化濕地保護(hu)和(he)(he)(he)恢(hui)復。加強休漁(yu)禁(jin)漁(yu)管理(li)，推(tui)進長江、渤海等重點水域(yu)禁(jin)捕限捕，加強海洋(yang)牧場建設，加大漁(yu)業(ye)資源增(zeng)殖(zhi)放流。推(tui)動耕地草原(yuan)森林(lin)(lin)河(he)流湖泊海洋(yang)休養生(sheng)息。

 十、改革完善生態環境治理體系

深化生(sheng)態環境保(bao)護管理(li)體制改革，完(wan)(wan)善生(sheng)態環境管理(li)制度，加(jia)快構建生(sheng)態環境治(zhi)理(li)體系，健全保(bao)障舉措(cuo)，增強系統性和完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)性，大幅提(ti)升治(zhi)理(li)能力(li)。

（一(yi)）完善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。整(zheng)合(he)分散的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護職責，強化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護修復和污染防(fang)治統一(yi)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)健全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護領(ling)導和管(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)、激勵約(yue)束(shu)并舉的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)、政府(fu)企業(ye)公眾共治體(ti)(ti)系(xi)。全面完成(cheng)省以下(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)機構(gou)(gou)監(jian)(jian)測監(jian)(jian)察(cha)執(zhi)法(fa)垂直管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)改革(ge)，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)綜合(he)執(zhi)法(fa)隊(dui)伍(wu)特別是基層隊(dui)伍(wu)的(de)能(neng)力建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)。完善(shan)農(nong)村環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)治理(li)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)。健全區域流(liu)域海域生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)跨地(di)區環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)機構(gou)(gou)試點，加快(kuai)組建(jian)(jian)(jian)流(liu)域環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)執(zhi)法(fa)機構(gou)(gou)，按海域設(she)置監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)機構(gou)(gou)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)獨立(li)權威(wei)高(gao)效的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)天(tian)地(di)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)化的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監(jian)(jian)測網絡，實現國家和區域生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)預報預警和質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)控，按照適度(du)(du)上收生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)測事權的(de)要求加快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)有關工作。省級黨委和政府(fu)加快(kuai)確定(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)護紅線(xian)(xian)、環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)底(di)線(xian)(xian)、資源利用上線(xian)(xian)，制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)準(zhun)入清(qing)單(dan)，在地(di)方立(li)法(fa)、政策(ce)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)、規劃編制(zhi)(zhi)、執(zhi)法(fa)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)中不得變通突破、降低(di)標準(zhun)，不符(fu)合(he)不銜接不適應的(de)于2020年(nian)年(nian)底(di)前(qian)完成(cheng)調整(zheng)。實施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)統一(yi)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)。推(tui)(tui)行生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)損害(hai)賠償制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。編制(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護規劃，開展全國生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)狀況評估，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)控平臺。推(tui)(tui)動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明示范創建(jian)(jian)(jian)、綠水青(qing)山就(jiu)是金山銀山實踐創新(xin)基地(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)活動。

嚴格生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)理。生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)只能更好(hao)、不能變壞。生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)達(da)標(biao)地區(qu)(qu)要保持穩定(ding)(ding)并(bing)持續改(gai)善(shan)；生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)不達(da)標(biao)地區(qu)(qu)的(de)市、縣級政府(fu)，要于2018年年底前制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)實(shi)施(shi)限期達(da)標(biao)規劃，向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)級政府(fu)備(bei)案并(bing)向(xiang)社會公(gong)開。加快推行(xing)排(pai)污許可制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，對固定(ding)(ding)污染(ran)源實(shi)施(shi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理和(he)多污染(ran)物協(xie)同控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，按行(xing)業、地區(qu)(qu)、時(shi)(shi)限核發排(pai)污許可證(zheng)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)落實(shi)企(qi)業治污責(ze)任，強(qiang)化證(zheng)后監(jian)管(guan)(guan)和(he)處罰(fa)。在長江經濟(ji)帶率先(xian)實(shi)施(shi)入河污染(ran)源排(pai)放(fang)(fang)、排(pai)污口(kou)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)和(he)水體水質聯動管(guan)(guan)理。2020年，將(jiang)排(pai)污許可證(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度建設(she)成為固定(ding)(ding)源環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)管(guan)(guan)理核心制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，實(shi)現“一證(zheng)式”管(guan)(guan)理。健全(quan)(quan)(quan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保信(xin)(xin)用評價(jia)、信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)強(qiang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)披露、嚴懲重罰(fa)等制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。將(jiang)企(qi)業環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)納入全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)共享平(ping)臺和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)企(qi)業信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)示系統，依法通過“信(xin)(xin)用中國(guo)(guo)(guo)”網站和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)企(qi)業信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)示系統向(xiang)社會公(gong)示。監(jian)督上(shang)(shang)市公(gong)司、發債(zhai)企(qi)業等市場主體全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)、及時(shi)(shi)、準確地披露環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。建立(li)跨部門聯合獎(jiang)懲機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。完善(shan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)核安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)工(gong)作協(xie)調(diao)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，強(qiang)化對核安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)工(gong)作的(de)統籌(chou)。

（二(er)）健全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護經濟(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)體系(xi)。資(zi)(zi)金(jin)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)向污染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)攻(gong)堅戰傾斜，堅持(chi)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)同(tong)攻(gong)堅任務相(xiang)匹配，加(jia)大(da)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)力(li)度(du)。逐(zhu)步建立(li)(li)常態(tai)(tai)化、穩定(ding)的(de)(de)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)機制。擴大(da)中央(yang)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)持(chi)北方地區(qu)清潔取(qu)暖的(de)(de)試點城市范圍，國有資(zi)(zi)本(ben)要(yao)加(jia)大(da)對(dui)(dui)污染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)的(de)(de)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)。完善居民取(qu)暖用(yong)氣用(yong)電定(ding)價機制和(he)補貼(tie)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。增加(jia)中央(yang)財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)對(dui)(dui)國家重(zhong)點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能(neng)區(qu)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護紅(hong)線區(qu)域(yu)等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能(neng)重(zhong)要(yao)地區(qu)的(de)(de)轉移支(zhi)付，繼(ji)續(xu)安排中央(yang)預算內投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)對(dui)(dui)重(zhong)點生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功能(neng)區(qu)給予支(zhi)持(chi)。各省（自(zi)治(zhi)區(qu)、直轄市）合(he)理(li)(li)確(que)定(ding)補償標準，并逐(zhu)步提高補償水平。完善助力(li)綠(lv)色(se)產業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)價格、財(cai)稅、投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)等政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。大(da)力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)綠(lv)色(se)信貸、綠(lv)色(se)債券等金(jin)融產品。設(she)立(li)(li)國家綠(lv)色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)基金(jin)。落實(shi)(shi)(shi)有利于資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)節約和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境保(bao)(bao)護的(de)(de)價格政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，落實(shi)(shi)(shi)相(xiang)關稅收優惠(hui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。研究對(dui)(dui)從(cong)事污染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)的(de)(de)第(di)三方企業(ye)比照高新技術企業(ye)實(shi)(shi)(shi)行所得稅優惠(hui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，研究出臺(tai)“散亂污”企業(ye)綜合(he)治(zhi)理(li)(li)激勵政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。推動環(huan)(huan)(huan)境污染(ran)責任保(bao)(bao)險發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，在環(huan)(huan)(huan)境高風險領域(yu)建立(li)(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境污染(ran)強制責任保(bao)(bao)險制度(du)。推進社會化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境治(zhi)理(li)(li)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護。采用(yong)直接投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)、投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)補助、運營補貼(tie)等方式(shi)(shi)，規(gui)范支(zhi)持(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府和(he)社會資(zi)(zi)本(ben)合(he)作項(xiang)目(mu)；對(dui)(dui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府實(shi)(shi)(shi)施的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境績效合(he)同(tong)服務項(xiang)目(mu)，公共財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)付水平同(tong)治(zhi)理(li)(li)績效掛鉤。鼓勵通過(guo)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府購買服務方式(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境治(zhi)理(li)(li)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護。

（三）健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)法(fa)(fa)治體系(xi)。依靠法(fa)(fa)治保(bao)護(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，增(zeng)強(qiang)全(quan)社(she)會(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)法(fa)(fa)治意(yi)識。加(jia)(jia)快建立(li)綠(lv)色生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)消費的法(fa)(fa)律制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)和政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策導向。加(jia)(jia)快制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)和修改土壤污(wu)染(ran)防治、固體廢物污(wu)染(ran)防治、長(chang)江生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)、海洋(yang)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)、國家公(gong)(gong)園、濕地、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監測、排污(wu)許(xu)可、資源綜合(he)(he)(he)利用、空間(jian)規(gui)劃、碳(tan)排放權交易管(guan)理等方面的法(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)規(gui)。鼓勵地方在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)領域先于(yu)國家進行(xing)立(li)法(fa)(fa)。建立(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)機關(guan)(guan)、公(gong)(gong)安(an)機關(guan)(guan)、檢(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)、審判(pan)機關(guan)(guan)信息共享、案情通(tong)報(bao)、案件移送制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，完善生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)領域民事、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)公(gong)(gong)益訴訟制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，加(jia)(jia)大(da)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)違法(fa)(fa)犯(fan)罪行(xing)為(wei)的制(zhi)(zhi)裁和懲處(chu)力度(du)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)涉(she)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)的司法(fa)(fa)力量建設。整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)組建生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)隊伍，統(tong)(tong)一實(shi)行(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)。將生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)機構列入政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)機構序列，推進執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)范化建設，統(tong)(tong)一著(zhu)裝、統(tong)(tong)一標(biao)識、統(tong)(tong)一證(zheng)件、統(tong)(tong)一保(bao)障執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)用車和裝備(bei)。

（四）強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護能(neng)力保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)體系。增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)科(ke)技支(zhi)撐(cheng)(cheng)，開展大氣(qi)污染(ran)成因與(yu)治(zhi)理(li)、水體污染(ran)控(kong)制與(yu)治(zhi)理(li)、土壤污染(ran)防治(zhi)等(deng)重點(dian)領域科(ke)技攻關，實(shi)施京津冀(ji)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)綜合(he)治(zhi)理(li)重大項目(mu)，推(tui)進區域性、流域性生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)問題(ti)研究。完成第二次全(quan)(quan)國污染(ran)源普(pu)查。開展大數(shu)據應(ying)(ying)用和(he)(he)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)承(cheng)載力監測(ce)預警。開展重點(dian)區域、流域、行業(ye)(ye)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)與(yu)健康(kang)調查，建(jian)立(li)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)監測(ce)網絡及風(feng)險(xian)(xian)評(ping)估體系。健全(quan)(quan)跨部門、跨區域環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)協調聯動機制，建(jian)立(li)全(quan)(quan)國統一(yi)的(de)(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預案(an)電(dian)子備(bei)案(an)系統。國家建(jian)立(li)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)物資(zi)(zi)儲(chu)備(bei)信息(xi)庫，省、市級(ji)政府建(jian)設(she)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)物資(zi)(zi)儲(chu)備(bei)庫，企業(ye)(ye)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)裝備(bei)和(he)(he)儲(chu)備(bei)物資(zi)(zi)應(ying)(ying)納入儲(chu)備(bei)體系。落(luo)實(shi)全(quan)(quan)面從嚴治(zhi)黨要(yao)求，建(jian)設(she)規范(fan)化、標準化、專業(ye)(ye)化的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護人(ren)才隊伍，打造政治(zhi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、本(ben)領高、作(zuo)風(feng)硬、敢擔當，特別(bie)能(neng)吃苦、特別(bie)能(neng)戰斗(dou)、特別(bie)能(neng)奉獻的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護鐵軍。按(an)省、市、縣、鄉不同層級(ji)工作(zuo)職(zhi)責配備(bei)相應(ying)(ying)工作(zuo)力量，保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)履(lv)職(zhi)需要(yao)，確保(bao)(bao)同生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護任務(wu)相匹配。加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)國際交流和(he)(he)履(lv)約(yue)能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)，推(tui)進生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護國際技術交流和(he)(he)務(wu)實(shi)合(he)作(zuo)，支(zhi)撐(cheng)(cheng)核安全(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)核電(dian)共同走(zou)出去，積極推(tui)動落(luo)實(shi)2030年可持(chi)續發展議程和(he)(he)綠色“一(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)路”建(jian)設(she)。

（五）構建(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)社會行(xing)動(dong)(dong)體(ti)系(xi)。把生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)納入國民教(jiao)育體(ti)系(xi)和(he)(he)黨政(zheng)領導干部(bu)(bu)培訓體(ti)系(xi)，推(tui)進國家及(ji)(ji)(ji)各地生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)教(jiao)育設施和(he)(he)場所(suo)建(jian)設，培育普及(ji)(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文化。公共機(ji)構尤其是黨政(zheng)機(ji)關(guan)帶(dai)頭使(shi)用節能環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)產品，推(tui)行(xing)綠色辦公，創建(jian)節約(yue)型(xing)機(ji)關(guan)。健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)新(xin)聞發布機(ji)制(zhi)，充分發揮各類媒體(ti)作用。省、市兩級要(yao)依(yi)托黨報、電視臺(tai)、政(zheng)府(fu)網站(zhan)，曝光突(tu)出環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)問題，報道整改(gai)進展(zhan)情況。建(jian)立政(zheng)府(fu)、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)社會風險預防(fang)與化解(jie)機(ji)制(zhi)。完(wan)善(shan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)公開(kai)制(zhi)度，加強重特大突(tu)發環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)事件(jian)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)公開(kai)，對(dui)涉及(ji)(ji)(ji)群眾(zhong)切身(shen)利益的(de)(de)重大項目及(ji)(ji)(ji)時主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)公開(kai)。2020年年底(di)前，地級及(ji)(ji)(ji)以上城市符合條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)設施和(he)(he)城市污(wu)水(shui)垃圾處(chu)(chu)理設施向社會開(kai)放，接受公眾(zhong)參觀。強化排(pai)污(wu)者主(zhu)體(ti)責任，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)應嚴格守(shou)法，規范(fan)自身(shen)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)行(xing)為，落實資金投(tou)入、物資保(bao)(bao)障、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)措施和(he)(he)應急處(chu)(chu)置主(zhu)體(ti)責任。實施工業(ye)(ye)污(wu)染源(yuan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面達標排(pai)放計劃。2018年年底(di)前，重點排(pai)污(wu)單(dan)位全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)部(bu)(bu)安(an)裝(zhuang)自動(dong)(dong)在線監控設備并同生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)主(zhu)管(guan)部(bu)(bu)門聯網，依(yi)法公開(kai)排(pai)污(wu)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)。到2020年，實現長(chang)江經濟帶(dai)入河排(pai)污(wu)口監測全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋，并將監測數據(ju)納入長(chang)江經濟帶(dai)綜(zong)合信(xin)息(xi)(xi)平臺(tai)。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)社會組(zu)織和(he)(he)志愿者隊(dui)伍規范(fan)健康發展(zhan)，引(yin)導環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)社會組(zu)織依(yi)法開(kai)展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)公益訴訟等活動(dong)(dong)。按照國家有(you)關(guan)規定表彰對(dui)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)改(gai)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)顯(xian)著(zhu)成績的(de)(de)單(dan)位和(he)(he)個(ge)人。完(wan)善(shan)公眾(zhong)監督、舉報反饋機(ji)制(zhi)，保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)舉報人的(de)(de)合法權益，鼓(gu)勵設立有(you)獎(jiang)舉報基金。

新(xin)(xin)思想引(yin)領新(xin)(xin)時代，新(xin)(xin)使(shi)命開(kai)啟新(xin)(xin)征程(cheng)。讓(rang)我們更加緊密地團結在以習(xi)近平(ping)同(tong)志為核心的黨中央周圍，以習(xi)近平(ping)新(xin)(xin)時代中國(guo)特色社會(hui)(hui)主(zhu)義思想為指導，不(bu)忘初(chu)心、牢記(ji)使(shi)命，銳意進取、勇(yong)于(yu)擔當，全(quan)面加強(qiang)生態環(huan)境保(bao)護，堅(jian)決打好污染防治攻堅(jian)戰，為決勝全(quan)面建成小康社會(hui)(hui)、實(shi)現中華民族偉大(da)復興的中國(guo)夢(meng)不(bu)懈奮斗。